Reform efforts to improve turnout typically focus on reducing the costs of participation or strengthening appeals to civic duty.While these efforts generate modest mortise lock conversion door filler plate effects, this paper explores whether citizens might respond to extrinsic rewards to encourage voting.We conduct a field experiment offering lott
The city longhorn beetle (Aeolesthes sarta) (CLB) (Coleoptera - Cerambycidae) is a polyphagous invasive pest of both healthy and suppressed broadleaved trees in central Asia.CLB causes a great degree of damage in the countries of its origin.To understand this pest in a better way, a detailed review study has been conducted to gather all the valuabl
Over the past decade, there has been a rapid increase in the number of initiatives involving "for-profit" private health care providers in national tuberculosis (TB) control efforts.We reviewed 15 such initiatives with respect to contractual arrangements, quality of care and success achieved in TB control.In seven initiatives, the National TB Progr
In a photoinjector electron source, the initial transverse electron bunch properties are determined by the spatial properties of the laser beam on the photocathode.Spatial shaping of the laser is commonly achieved by 15-1 shampoo relay imaging an illuminated circular mask onto the photocathode.However, the Gibbs phenomenon shows that recreating the